Imagine a coin, minted in the United States, bearing the image of a president who’s often overshadowed by his predecessor and successor, a president known for his controversial impeachment. This coin, the Andrew Johnson dollar coin, embodies a fascinating chapter in American history, offering a glimpse into a turbulent post-Civil War era.
Image: www.usmint.gov
Released in 1964, the Andrew Johnson dollar coin was part of the United States Mint’s “Presidential $1 Coin Program,” which aimed to honor former presidents by featuring them on a series of silver dollar coins. This program was a response to the increasing popularity of commemorative coins, and it aimed to inject fresh interest in numismatics, the study and collection of coins.
A Controversial President on a Coin
A Brief Look at Johnson’s Presidency
Andrew Johnson, the 17th president of the United States, assumed office after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln in 1865. He inherited a nation reeling from the Civil War, a nation divided over the future of slavery and Reconstruction. Johnson’s approach to Reconstruction, deemed too lenient by Radical Republicans, ignited heated political battles. His vetoes of Reconstruction bills and his clashes with Congress led to his impeachment in 1868, although he was acquitted by the Senate by a single vote.
The Coin’s Design
The Andrew Johnson dollar coin’s design reflects a complex historical figure. The obverse features a portrait of Johnson, based on a photograph by Mathew Brady. The intricate design, sculpted by Frank Vittor, captures Johnson’s stern gaze and distinguished features. Inscriptions include “Andrew Johnson,” “17th President,” and the years of his presidency, 1865-1869.
The reverse of the coin depicts a majestic eagle perched on a shield, symbolizing the unity and strength of the United States. The inscription “United States of America” and the denomination “$1” are also present. This side of the coin was designed by John Mercanti, a renowned sculptor and medalist.
Image: profilecoins.com
The Coin’s Production and Legacy
Production and Distribution
The Andrew Johnson dollar coin was struck at the Philadelphia, Denver, and San Francisco mints. While estimated production numbers vary slightly, it’s believed that over 8 million Andrew Johnson dollars were produced, with the majority being struck in Philadelphia.
As part of the “Presidential $1 Coin Program,” the coins were initially distributed through banks, much like regular currency. However, due to the public’s limited interest in circulating dollar coins, the program was discontinued in 1969. The Andrew Johnson dollar, like its predecessors, ultimately became a collectible coin, relegated to the realm of numismatics.
The Coin’s Appeal to Collectors
The Andrew Johnson dollar coin holds appeal to collectors for several reasons:
- Its historical significance: The coin represents a pivotal period in American history, a period marked by political turmoil and the nation’s transition to a unified republic.
- Its design: The coin’s aesthetic appeal, with its detailed portrait of Johnson and its eagle-emblazoned reverse, is captivating to many collectors.
- Its rarity: While the coin wasn’t produced in limited numbers, due to its limited circulation and the discontinuation of the program, finding an Andrew Johnson dollar in good condition can be challenging.
- Its affordability: Unlike some rare coins, the Andrew Johnson dollar can be acquired relatively affordably, making it accessible to a broader range of collectors.
The Andrew Johnson Dollar: A Reminder of a Controversial Past
The Andrew Johnson dollar coin serves as more than just a piece of numismatic history. It embodies a complex historical figure, a figure who played a crucial, though often contentious, role in shaping the nation’s destiny. By collecting and studying this coin, we engage with a chapter of American history that was marked by division, Reconstruction, and the struggle for equality.
As you hold an Andrew Johnson dollar in your hand, consider the weight of its history. This small piece of metal serves as a reminder of the turbulent path that the United States has traversed, a path that has been paved with both successes and failures, with moments of unity and moments of division. The coin is a symbol of the past that helps us understand the present and shape the future.
Where to Learn More
If you’re interested in learning more about the Andrew Johnson dollar coin, there are many resources available online and in libraries. Here are a few starting points:
- The United States Mint: The official website of the United States Mint provides detailed information about the “Presidential $1 Coin Program” and the coins produced.
- The American Numismatic Association: The American Numismatic Association offers comprehensive information on coin collecting, including resources on identifying, valuing, and preserving coins.
- Online auction sites: Sites like eBay and Heritage Auctions allow collectors to browse a wide selection of Andrew Johnson dollar coins and other historical coins.
Andrew Johnson Dollar Coin
Conclusion
The Andrew Johnson dollar coin is a testament to the enduring power of history. It reminds us that every president, regardless of their popularity or their place in the annals of history, has played a role in shaping the nation’s character. By understanding and appreciating the significance of coins like the Andrew Johnson dollar, we gain a deeper insight into our shared past and its enduring influence on the present.
